How to Run Kali Linux From a Bootable USB Drive
Sam works as a network analyst for an algorithmic trading firm. He obtained his bachelor's degree in information technology from UMKC.
Kali (formerly known as BackTrack) is a very popular open source Linux distribution designed for penetration testing and digital forensics.
The distribution includes many different tools for information gathering, assessing vulnerabilities, RFID analysis, forensics, and more.
There are several ways you can run the Kali operating system including using a virtual machine, direct hard drive installation, or my personal favorite a bootable USB drive.
Running the operating system from a USB drive is much more convenient than burning a CD or managing a VM. You can easily transport the bootable drive to any computer and quickly launch the distribution.
When you're finished using Kali, you can remove the USB drive leaving no traces of on the host computer.
Things You'll Need
To setup Kali on a USB drive you'll need three things.
- A copy of the the ISO disk image.
- The UNetbootin program.
- A portable USB drive (4GB or larger).
Downloading the ISO File
The first step in creating a bootable Kali USB drive is to download the ISO file.
Both KDE and Gnome are offered as window managers. Personally, I prefer KDE, but both window managers provide similar functionality.
You also have the option of selecting either the 32-bit or 64-bit version of the distribution. I always use the 64-bit version unless I'm running Kali on a system that only supports 32-bit software. The 64-bit version will allow the OS to address systems with over 4GB of memory.
Finally, you can select between a torrent or direct download. I've found that it is much faster to complete the download using BitTorrent. If torrent traffic is blocked at your location, you can use the direct download option which uses HTTP.
The ISO file for Kali is about 3GB in size. While you are waiting for the file to download, you can move on to the next step.
Kali Linux ISO download page.
Downloading UNetbootin
UNetbootin is a very useful utility that makes creating bootable drives easy. You can run the utility on Windows, Linux, or Mac OS X.
No installation is required to run UNetbootin, simply download the version of the utility for your operating system and run the executable.
Making the USB Drive Bootable
If you haven't done so already, go ahead and plug the USB drive into your system.
Select the diskimage option and make sure that ISO is selected in the drop box to the right. Click on the button labeled "..." on the right side and browse to the ISO file you downloaded earlier.
Set the type to "USB Drive" and select the drive letter of your USB drive. Click OK to begin the process of transferring the OS to the USB key.
This process will not erase the target USB drive, but it's always a good idea to backup any critical data from the drive before performing a procedure like this.
Use the UNetbootin program to load Kali on a USB drive.
It can take about several minutes to load the Kali image on the USB drive depending on how fast the USB drive is that you are using.
When everything is complete the software presents the option to reboot or simply exit the program.
Booting Kali Linux
To test the Kali USB drive, plug it into a computer and reboot the machine. You can configure the machines bios to boot from the USB device or access the one-time boot menu for your system. For Dell computers, the hotkey for the boot menu is F12.
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The default username and password for the operating system is root/toor.
To launch the live Kali environment, select the Live (amd64) option. The live environment will load into memory and will not install any files to the local hard drive.
If you want to permanently install Kali to a computer, you can launch the installer from the initial boot menu. Choosing the install option will modify the contents of the local hard drive and will erase the existing contents.
Kali Linux boot menu.
The Kali GUI Environment
After booting, Kali will automatically start the GUI environment.
To access the tools open the application launcher menu, which is basically the equivalent of the start menu in Windows. All of the utilities are separated into categories within the sub menus based on what purpose the tool is used for.
Kali Linux GUI desktop environment.
Kali Linux Terminal
A root shell can launched from the applications menu if you prefer to work in a terminal environment.
You can easily update Kali by running the command below using the terminal.
apt-get update && apt-get upgrade && apt-get dist-upgrade
Top Kali Linux Tools
| Tool | Uses | Location in Kali |
|---|---|---|
Metasploit Framework | Contains a large collection of exploits, shellcodes, and payloads in a common framework. | Exploitation tools |
Nmap | Port scanning and network mapping. | Information gathering |
John the Ripper | Offline password cracking tool. | Password attacks |
Hydra | Password cracking and online brute forcing utility. | Password attacks \ Online attacks |
Burp Suite | Powerful suite of tools for testing web applications. | Web application analysis |
5 Essential Things to Do After Installing Kali
More Information on Kali
For more information and guides on using the Kali Linux check out the official documentation page.
You can also find several great videos on YouTube which can help you become familiar with the system.
This article is accurate and true to the best of the author’s knowledge. Content is for informational or entertainment purposes only and does not substitute for personal counsel or professional advice in business, financial, legal, or technical matters.
© 2012 Sam Kear
Comments
aditya@123 on August 23, 2020:
sir I had a doubt that if I do th following and run the kali linux will I be able to access the windows(os on hard disk) again
another doubt was that will it affect any of the hard drives eg: data will be erased or windows (primary os on hard drive) will be lost etc etc
please reply as soon as possible
btw good article
udara on August 02, 2020:
thanks for the help
Stanley on April 18, 2019:
I did this it said i should put a cd rom when installing
